Define icing and differentiate between structural icing and induction icing.

Define icing and differentiate between structural icing and induction icing.

• A. Ice accumulation on surfaces causing drag and weight.
• B. Structural icing occurs on external surfaces; induction icing reduces engine air intake efficiency.
• C. Ice accumulation on surfaces; structural icing forms on surfaces; induction icing reduces engine air intake efficiency.
• D. Induction icing occurs on the wingtips only.

Answer: (C)

Icing is ice that forms from moisture freezing when the air is cold enough, causing ice to accumulate on parts of the aircraft. There are two main forms. Structural icing is the ice that builds up on external surfaces such as the wings, fuselage, tail, and control surfaces. This extra weight and the change in the surface shape increase drag and disrupt aerodynamics, which can reduce lift and alter handling. Induction icing occurs inside the engine’s air intake and ducting, where ice constricts the airflow to the engine. That can lead to reduced engine efficiency or power loss, and in some cases engine flameout. The best answer captures both the general idea of ice accumulation and the distinct effects of the two types: ice accumulation on surfaces, structural icing on external surfaces, and induction icing reducing engine air intake efficiency.

Icing is ice that forms from moisture freezing when the air is cold enough, causing ice to accumulate on parts of the aircraft. There are two main forms. Structural icing is the ice that builds up on external surfaces such as the wings, fuselage, tail, and control surfaces. This extra weight and the change in the surface shape increase drag and disrupt aerodynamics, which can reduce lift and alter handling. Induction icing occurs inside the engine’s air intake and ducting, where ice constricts the airflow to the engine. That can lead to reduced engine efficiency or power loss, and in some cases engine flameout. The best answer captures both the general idea of ice accumulation and the distinct effects of the two types: ice accumulation on surfaces, structural icing on external surfaces, and induction icing reducing engine air intake efficiency.